Alkaloid classification pdf

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Alkaloids introduction. Embed Size px. Start on. Show related SlideShares at end. WordPress Shortcode. Share Email. Top clipped slide. Education , Business , Technology. Their characteristic examples are atropine, nicotine, and morphine. This group also includes some alkaloids that besides nitrogen heterocycle contain terpene e. This group also includes piperidine alkaloids coniine and coniceine although they do not originate from amino acids.

Examples include mescaline, adrenaline and ephedrine. Polyamine alkaloids — derivatives of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. Peptide and cyclopeptide alkaloids. Pseudalkaloids — alkaloid-like compounds that do not originate from amino acids. This group includes, terpene-like and steroid-like alkaloids, as well as purine-like alkaloids such as caffeine, theobromine and theophylline.

Some authors classify as pseudoalkaloids such compounds such as ephedrine and cathinone. The alkaloids , as an important and enormously large conglomerate of naturally occurring nitrogencontaining plant substances having very specific as well as most diversified pharmacological properties may be classified in a number of modes and means. Another school of thought classifies alkaloids in the following four heads, namely:. Therefore, it is quite convenient and also logical to group together all alkaloids having been derived from the same precursor but possessing different taxonomic distribution and pharmacological activities.

Perhaps this might also be used as a strong basis for the general classification of the wide-spectrum of alkaloids derived from the plant kingdom, such as: analgesics, cardio-vascular drugs, CNS-stimulants and depressants, dilation of pupil of eye, mydriatics, anticholinergics, sympathomimetics, antimalarials, purgatives, and the like.

However, such a classification is not quite common and broadly known. The most common taxa are the genus, subgenus, species, subspecies, and variety. A few typical examples of plant families and the various species associated with them are stated below, namely:.

Schum Yohimbe. Don Manaca, Manacan ; Capsicum annuum L. Borrachero, Floripondio ; Duboisia myoporoides R. Corkwood Tree, Pituri ; Hyoscyamus niger L.

Henbane, Henblain, Jusquaime ; Mandragora officinarum L.